Religion 2019
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The Gospels
- The Gospels (or “Good News”) are writings that describe the life of Jesus.
- The four Gospels in the Bible are by Matthew, Mark, Luke and John.
- The Gospel writers tell many of the same stories in different ways depending on their social and cultural context as well as their intended audience and purpose.
- Matthew, Mark and Luke’s Gospel make up the Synoptic Gospels (which means “together”) as they are all quite similar to each other as they were all written around the same time. The Gospel of John was written later than the other three.
- Matthew is the first Gospel in the Bible, written by a Jew for the Jews.
- Mark’s Gospel mainly concentrates mainly on what Jesus did in a straight-forward way, rather than on his teachings.
- Luke’s Gospel is written by a well educated person as it is very specific to detail especially about Jesus’ life.
- John’s Gospel is written so that readers might believe Jesus is the promised Saviour, the Son of god, and through their faith they will have life.
The Gospel of Luke
The Gospel of Matthew
- Written around 80CE (AD) in Greek
- Probably written in Greece or Turkey in the Roman Empire
- Writer was Gentile, writing for a predominantly Gentile audience
- The Romans were suspicious of Christianity because of its closeness to Judaism
- Audience is affluent. Writer is promoting his audience to be more concerned with the needs of others.
The Gospel of Matthew
- Written around 60 or 90 CE (AD) possibly in Syria
- Written for a Greek speaking audience.
- Written for a Jewish audience to convince them that Jesus was the Messiah.
- Matthew’s community were ostracised by Jewish leaders but many of the community still considered themselves to be Jewish.
- The Gospel according to Matthew was more concerned with the traditional rulers of the land and not with the more recent Roman occupation.
The Infancy Narrative
Luke 2:1-20 The Birth of Jesus
1 In those days Caesar Augustus issued a decree that a census should be taken of the entire Roman world. 2 (This was the first census that took place while Quirinius was governor of Syria.) 3 And everyone went to his own town to register.
4 So Joseph also went up from the town of Nazareth in Galilee to Judea, to Bethlehem the town of David, because he belonged to the house and line of David. 5 He went there to register with Mary, who was pledged to be married to him and was expecting a child. 6 While they were there, the time came for the baby to be born, 7 and she gave birth to her firstborn, a son. She wrapped him in cloths and placed him in a manger, because there was no room for them in the inn.
8 And there were shepherds living out in the fields nearby, keeping watch over their flocks at night. 9 An angel of the Lord appeared to them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were terrified. 10 But the angel said to them, “Do not be afraid. I bring you good news of great joy that will be for all the people. 11 Today in the town of David a Saviour has been born to you; he is Christ the Lord. 12 This will be a sign to you: You will find a baby wrapped in cloths and lying in a manger.”
13 Suddenly a great company of the heavenly host appeared with the angel, praising God and saying, 14 “Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace to men on whom his favour rests.”
15 When the angels had left them and gone into heaven, the shepherds said to one another, “Let's go to Bethlehem and see this thing that has happened, which the Lord has told us about.”
16 So they hurried off and found Mary and Joseph, and the baby, who was lying in the manger. 17 When they had seen him, they spread the word concerning what had been told them about this child, 18 and all who heard it were amazed at what the shepherds said to them. 19 But Mary treasured up all these things and pondered them in her heart. 20 The shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all the things they had heard and seen, which were just as they had been told.
1 In those days Caesar Augustus issued a decree that a census should be taken of the entire Roman world. 2 (This was the first census that took place while Quirinius was governor of Syria.) 3 And everyone went to his own town to register.
4 So Joseph also went up from the town of Nazareth in Galilee to Judea, to Bethlehem the town of David, because he belonged to the house and line of David. 5 He went there to register with Mary, who was pledged to be married to him and was expecting a child. 6 While they were there, the time came for the baby to be born, 7 and she gave birth to her firstborn, a son. She wrapped him in cloths and placed him in a manger, because there was no room for them in the inn.
8 And there were shepherds living out in the fields nearby, keeping watch over their flocks at night. 9 An angel of the Lord appeared to them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were terrified. 10 But the angel said to them, “Do not be afraid. I bring you good news of great joy that will be for all the people. 11 Today in the town of David a Saviour has been born to you; he is Christ the Lord. 12 This will be a sign to you: You will find a baby wrapped in cloths and lying in a manger.”
13 Suddenly a great company of the heavenly host appeared with the angel, praising God and saying, 14 “Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace to men on whom his favour rests.”
15 When the angels had left them and gone into heaven, the shepherds said to one another, “Let's go to Bethlehem and see this thing that has happened, which the Lord has told us about.”
16 So they hurried off and found Mary and Joseph, and the baby, who was lying in the manger. 17 When they had seen him, they spread the word concerning what had been told them about this child, 18 and all who heard it were amazed at what the shepherds said to them. 19 But Mary treasured up all these things and pondered them in her heart. 20 The shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all the things they had heard and seen, which were just as they had been told.
Mary MacKillop
Mary MacKillop was born in Australia to Scottish parents in 1842. Her family was poor and at the age of 14 she began working as a governess to help support them. After working as a teacher, she opened a Boarding School. In 1866, along with Father Julian Tennyson Woods, MacKillop established the first free Catholic School in Australia. She started her own Religious order, The Sisters of Saint Joseph of the Sacred Heart.
Mary Mackillop and her fellow sisters lived with the poor people they were trying to educate. They were involved with orphanages, neglected children and the aged poor. The number of schools set up by the Josephite sisters grew. They opened schools throughout the country and continued to care for the homeless and destitute. In 1871, Bishop Sheil had MacKillop excommunicated for educating the children of unclean women and for allowing uneducated women into the Josephites. In 1872, she travelled to Rome to see the Pope in person and was rightfully reinstated.
In 1909, Mary MacKillop passed away. She was Canonised as a Saint in 2010. She is the only Australian Saint. Today the Josephites have schools all over Australia as well as New Zealand, Peru and Brazil. The Sisters continue to work in refugee camps around the world. Mary Mackillop worked selflessly throughout her life to provide food, shelter and education to those who either could not afford it or who society had shunned.
Mary MacKillop was born in Australia to Scottish parents in 1842. Her family was poor and at the age of 14 she began working as a governess to help support them. After working as a teacher, she opened a Boarding School. In 1866, along with Father Julian Tennyson Woods, MacKillop established the first free Catholic School in Australia. She started her own Religious order, The Sisters of Saint Joseph of the Sacred Heart.
Mary Mackillop and her fellow sisters lived with the poor people they were trying to educate. They were involved with orphanages, neglected children and the aged poor. The number of schools set up by the Josephite sisters grew. They opened schools throughout the country and continued to care for the homeless and destitute. In 1871, Bishop Sheil had MacKillop excommunicated for educating the children of unclean women and for allowing uneducated women into the Josephites. In 1872, she travelled to Rome to see the Pope in person and was rightfully reinstated.
In 1909, Mary MacKillop passed away. She was Canonised as a Saint in 2010. She is the only Australian Saint. Today the Josephites have schools all over Australia as well as New Zealand, Peru and Brazil. The Sisters continue to work in refugee camps around the world. Mary Mackillop worked selflessly throughout her life to provide food, shelter and education to those who either could not afford it or who society had shunned.